The A-Z of jewellery terms

 

Agate

 

Member of the quartz family and usually banded with stripes showing off lovely patterns. Agates are thought to protect the wearer from danger and stimulate success.

Amazonite

 

Opaque stone with white cloudiness colour, ranging from green to greenish blue to dark green and blue.  The stone is said to balance our emotions, promote kindness and practicality, a soothing and calming stone that also give physical stamina. 

Amber 

 

An organic gem.  Resin from prehistoric pine trees, resin would drop in to cracks in the gournd and then become fossilised.  Can produce static electricity if rubbed.  Amber is light and warm to touch.

Amethyst 

 

Varies in colours from the purple family; lavender, mauve, liliac.  Part of the quartz group, amethyst is made of sand and gets it colour due to small amounts of iron impurities.  The clearer and darker the colour the more valuable.

Aquamarine 

 

Colours are from blue, blue / green and almost a clear greenish hues.  Said to enhance clarity of mind and creative self expression.  Birthstone of March. 

Aragonite 

 

Found in many colours, orange to white.  Related to the Capricorn astrological sign. 

Aventurine 

 

Originates from Italy, meaning 'by chance'.  Popular colour is green, white, orange and blue. 

Black Onyx 

 

Greek meaning 'fingernail', dark and deep opaque qualities.  Encourages connections to material goals and determination to realise them.

Carnelian 

 

Vitalises your entire being, giving optimism and enthusiasm for life.  The orange in the carnelian relaxes your mind, emotions and physical cells so they can release disharmony and disease.  The stone can be also used as a sleep aid.  Virgo birthstone.

Citrine 

 

Also part of the quartz family, colours range from yellow / gold to gold / brown to amber.  Can come light or dark.  Thought to dispel fear and so stimulate mental focus and endurance. 

Coral 

 

As is seen in the sea, no longer a home of marine animal, grows branchlike, colour associated is red but can also be found in pink, white, blue and black.  Brings inner peace, intutition and imagination. 

Fluorite 

 

Versatile stone and pretty.  Colour ranges from greens to lilacs, clear and purples. 

Garnet 

 

Symbolises love and devotion.  The latin meaning 'seed'.  Colours are deep and red, green pink and purple. 

Gold Filled

 

A tarnish of gold over a base metal such as copper or brass.

Goldstone 

 

A man made stone, orange / brown gem. 

Hematite 

 

Greek for 'blood'.  It is an iron ore, dark grey / black (colour of polished coal).  Promotes a calming influence, often used with mother or pearl and pearls.

Lolite 

 

The name comes from the greek ios, meaning 'violet'.  Purplish blue in colour, can be known as 'water sapphire'. 

Jade 

 

One of the toughest known gems.  White / yellow to pale green, grey and violet. 

Jasper 

 

Another part of the quartz family.  Usually striped, spotted or multi coloured and is rarely one colour. 

Laboradite 

 

Lovely blue stone with rainbow or colours spreading across the stone.  Colours can be dark grey / black with blue, green and / or yello sheen.  Effective in meditation and reveals the spiritual destiny in you. 

Lapis Lazuli 

 

Intense blue colour, deeper the better, often comes from Afghanistan.  The name derives from medieval latin and means 'blue stone'.  Promotes friendship and goodwill and guard the wearer against evil. 

Malachite 

 

Striking green colour, varying from bright to dark greens with stripes of darker or lighter greens or black througout.  Its a stone of balance in relationships, including business, and is believed to help with illnesses in the stomach, kidneys, liver and immune system. 

Moukite 

 

Similar to jasper and colourful stone with cream, yellow, butterscotch, pink, red, burgundy and chocolate. 

Moonstone 

 

Pearly or opaline lustre and is reminiscent of the silvery moon.  Protects the wearer from the dangers of travel and enhances creativity and self expression and alleviate insomnia.  Birthstone for June. 

Obsidian 

 

Volcanic glass, made from the lava coming in to contact with water.  Helps with bacterial and viral inflammations, promotes wound healing. 

Pure Silver

 

Once fired it is 99.9% silver, although not as strong as sterling silver its still a fantastic metal.

Rhodonite 

 

From the greek word 'rhodos' meaning rose coloured.  Commonly has black veins of manganese oxide running through.  Helps to express confidence, very good for speech, and hearing problems.

Smoky Quartz

 

National gem of Scotland.  Translucent greyish / brown quartz with natural irradiation.  Helps to turn our wishes and dreams true.

Sodalite 

 

Named in reference to its sodium content and is opaque dark blue laced with white calcite.  Blue in colour, but has a soothing and calming influence. 

Sugilite 

 

Purple in colour, was founded by a japanese gemmologist in 1944.  Helps with balancing body, mind and spirit. 

Tigers Eye 

 

Mined in South Africa, brings brightness and optimism to the wearer.  Gold / yellow and brown in colour with a hint of black, grey and red.  Helps to focus the mind and circulatory system, has been said that it helps in travelling circumstances. 

Tourmaline 

 

A wide range of colours including pink, blue, colourless and green.  Thought to be tranquil and calming and is one of the Octobers birthstones. 

Turquoise 

 

A blue / greenish opaque stone which often has brown stains which are the result of the stains or iron compounds which sit in the seams where the stone is mined and adds to its charm.  First mined over 6000 years ago, Native American Indians have used it as a protective stone and used to bring rain.  One of the birthstones for December. 

Vermeil 

 

22 ct gold over sterling silver, gives the look of gold at sterling silver prices.